In Ancient Greece, crowning wreaths (such as laurel wreaths) were given to the winners of contests. The name "Stephen" (and its common variant "Steven") is derived from Greek Στέφανος ( Stéphanos), a first name from the Greek word στέφανος ( stéphanos), meaning 'wreath, crown' and by extension 'reward, honor, renown, fame', from the verb στέφειν ( stéphein), 'to encircle, to wreathe'. A common variant of the name used in English is Stephan ( / ˈ s t ɛ f ə n/ STEF-ən) related names that have found some currency or significance in English include Stefan (pronounced / ˈ s t ɛ f ə n/ STEF-ən or / s t ə ˈ f ɑː n/ stə- FAHN in English), Esteban (often pronounced / ˈ ɛ s t ɪ b æ n/ EST-ib-an), and the Shakespearean Stephano ( / ˈ s t ɛ f ən oʊ/ STEF-ən-oh). In modern times the name has sometimes been given with intentionally non-standard spelling, such as Stevan or Stevon. Many surnames are derived from the first name, including Stephens, Stevens, Stephenson, and Stevenson, all of which mean "Stephen's (son)". In English, the female version of the name is Stephanie. The spelling as Stephen can also be pronounced / ˈ s t ɛ f ə n/ STEF-ən which is from the Greek original version, Stephanos. The name, in both the forms Stephen and Steven, is often shortened to Steve or Stevie. In English, Stephen is most commonly pronounced as / ˈ s t iː v ən/ STEE-vən. It is particularly significant to Christians, as it belonged to Saint Stephen ( Greek: Στέφανος Stéphanos), an early disciple and deacon who, according to the Book of Acts, was stoned to death he is widely regarded as the first martyr (or " protomartyr") of the Christian Church. Stephen or Steven is a common English first name. Robert, Rudolph, Roger, Louis, Ludwig, Timothy, Waldemar, Vladimir Stephan, Ștefan, Stefan, Stepan, Stefan, Stefano, Stefani, Steph, Stephanie, Stevo, Steffen, Sten, Sven, Swen, Étienne, Esteban, István, Stephanie (feminine form) Wreath, crown, honour, reward, royalty, renown, fame ˈ s t iː v ən/ STEE-vən or / ˈ s t ɛ f ə n/ STEF-ən Saint Stephen (detail) by Giacomo Cavedone
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